An Outlook on Indian Textile Sector

Indian textiles industry is a well-established withmanner. In the last 3 years Pakistan exported 4
showing strong features and a bright future. In fact,times more pillowcases to USA than India! Pakistan,
the country is the second biggest textilesto note, is among the most important cotton
manufacturer worldwide, right after China. Similarproducers worldwide and has been blessed by
force is demonstrated in the cotton production andpreference agreements with EU and US even during
consumption trend where India ranks just after Chinathe quota-imposed periods. Pakistani Government has
and USA. The textiles manufacturing business is aunderstood the game and is encouraging
pioneer activity in the Indian manufacturing sectordevelopment through implementation of a 6%
and it has a primordial importance in the economic lifeR&D aid programs. Others, like Turkey are also
of the country, which is still predominantly based onin the race.
the agro-alimentary sector. Employing around 35Budget Measures
million people, textiles industry stands as a majorTechnology Upgradation Fund (TUF) increased
foreign currency revenue generator and furthertoRs5.4bn from its previous Rs4.4 bn
proves it in its 14% share of industrial production andInterest subsidy provision on term loans available for
the 16% of export revenues it generated.those in the handloom field has been increased from
Textiles industry is not limited to manufacture andRs2.0bn to Rs2.4bn
export of garments. The success of Indian textilesExcise duty has been reduced by half on all artificial
lies in effective vertical integrations policies whichfiber yarn and is now at 8%
have helped operators in taming the processes whichImport duty reduced from 15% to 10% on all artificial
while lying beyond simple manufacturing exercise dofiber yarn
have a serious impact on it, for example, rawImpact of Budget
material treatment. Thus, cotton, jute, silk or woolDecrease in excise duty on artificial fibre has been
and even synthetic material are also produced by thisimplemented to favor cheaper production costs and
industry to complement and strengthen the garmentsensure competitiveness on export market.
manufacturing industry. Almost one quarter of theSSIs are expected to grow further with interest
world's spindle activities is hosted in India, againsubsidy on handloom sector loans.
positioning itself just after China. Looming is anotherThe TUF, with its interest subsidy, provides textiles
important element that accounts for significantoperators with interesting funding plan for their
activity in this industry; in fact, it takes an impressiveexpansion and development strategies.
61% share including handlooms. The country is alsoTextiles parks creations will undeniably help in
significant textiles fiber and yarn manufacturer on theboosting the overall industry. 10 dedicated areas have
world scene, taking on its own a 12% share of thealready been identified and 7 of them already
world's production volume. India ranks on the secondsanctioned. A special Scheme for Integrated Textiles
place as regards in production of silk and celluloseParks is meant to help in realization of such
fiber and yarn whilst standing on the fifth positionobjectives.
when it comes to synthetic fiber and yarn.Sector Outlook
Indians have well understood the importance ofThe future of the textiles industry seems to be
staying one step ahead of developments in the worldbright in all aspects. As such Government places all its
economic environment. The industry is now preparingtrust and relies sector for its strong 'employment
itself to take share of opportunities expected tocreation' capability, more precisely in the garments
arise out of the market freed from quota restrictionsmanufacturing side. Lowering tax burdens on
and other trade barriers. Industry operators arecompanies will play an important part in cutting down
increasingly moving towards modernization andproduction costs and boosting competitiveness,
expansion as encouraged by the so-designatedincreasing ability to tap high-volume orders from the
Textile Upgradation Fund Scheme implemented byglobal market. Modernization would enable companies
Government.provide quality and volume solutions which is in
The local textile sector is now at a critical stageconstant demand by international buyers.
where it should prepare itself to rise and grab theIndustry Wish List
opportunities that are available through liberalization ofA reduction of 5% in the customs duty on
the international market. Manufacturers however,manufacturing inputs for textiles machines. The rate
were caught in inadvertence as new players startedis currently between 10% and 15%.
to creep on the market at a time when mostTextiles products would continue to carry the specific
operators had attention on imminent opportunitiesduty imposition, which may be extended to other
coming from a quota-free market. Strategies andSAFTA member countries.
policies were mainly targeted towards expansion andReduction from 15% to 10% on customs duty
modernization leaving more space to domesticimposed on synthetic fiber.
players. Now it obviously appear that the latter haveApparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) is targeting
had ample freedom to strengthen them and they areelimination at 100% of all taxes on apparel exports.
now more prepared than export-oriented companies.Positives Aspects
Lack of competition is eroding enthusiasm, impactingThe Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (TUFS)
on activity on the European and USA markets. Withpushed an additional 10% capital subsidy in acquisition
the removal of quotas and similar trade barriers,of processing machines; with a view to help in
observers expect the market to provide newexpansion plans. Processing sectors are expected to
opportunities with evaluations reaching S$1.4bn forreap the benefits of such a measure in the long term.
towels and US$1.8 in bed linen. China's impressiveUnion textiles has exposed a White paper, named
production capacity and its growing strengthVision 2010 where it gives clear indications as regards
compelled Europe and USA markets to some seriousits objectives and targets concerning the US bn
reflections. To bring a halt to massive invasion ofexport market.
their products, EU and USA have imposed tradeOperators are increasingly considering consolidation
restrictions, which also encourage retailers to reviewmethods to strengthen production capacity, which
their sourcing strategy through diversification out ofwould put them in better position on the global and
China. Now, undoubtedly India has good cards to play.free market. As such, mergers and takeovers are
With traders realizing the threat of relying on a singlecurrently very frequent with companies tying up with
manufacturing source such as China, India could dosmaller one to tackle global challenges.
well in proposing a valuable alternative to buyers onHowever, continuing TUFS have been stopped after
the international scene, but this is only possibleMarch 31, 2007 by the Textiles Ministry. The ministry
through an adequate and appropriate developmenthas asked the TUFS nodal agencies and banks not to
strategy and macro-economic policy.process further new loans with instant effect.
In that view, many manufacturing companies in IndiaAs per the sources, the estimated budget provision
are rushing towards expansion and modernizationset for reimbursing the interest subsidy for the TUFS
options. Manufacturers are having recourse to fundloans for the fiscal 2006-07 was only Rs 535 crore,
raising programmes pushing EPS to higher growth,but the required funds for the subsidy is about Rs
dissolving equity on its way. Business collaborations1,515 crore, which comes to three times higher than
with foreign players, creation of buying offices andthe set provision.
Government's effort to enhance quality productionNegative Aspects
and export are many visible signs of Indians comingIndia is somewhat lagging behind technology in the
into force on the global market.garments manufacturing sector and this seriously
Geared with expanded capacitieshinders increase in exportable production. Shuttleless
The new opportunities have carried along Indianlooms in India accounted for 9.3% of total looms in
home-textiles manufacturers in the expansion2003. USA shows 94.8% in the same category whilst
strategy direction. The Textile upgradation fund hasAustria reveals 95.2%. Clearly India is well behind with
helped many such operators to increase capacityonly Pakistan showing up at 7.6%.
during the last three fiscal years. Such expansionLabor regulations are a major concern in India causing
strategies have not only had an impact on productiongreat harms to the industry at various levels. With no
volume, also assisted companies in better providingclear legislations, strikes and similar issues often bring
customized products.business to complete halts.
Value addition - route to higher price realizationsObviously, finding solutions in such conditions is a time
Terry towels coming from the Indian factoriesand effort wasting enterprise, much to the dismay of
accounted for almost 21% of the world market. Withthe industry or even the whole economy of the
another 19% share in the bed linen market, Indiacountry.
stands as a quality supplier to the USA. IndianThe geographical location of India as compared to its
products are more focused towards innovation andcompetitors is a rather uncomfortable but natural
quality. Visible efforts in quality improvement,disadvantage. Producers like Mexico, Brazil or even
innovations through R&D programmes, andChina have a good proximity with Europe and US
other value-added features bring a whole newmarkets and this pays on the global trade market.
dimension to the Indian products. In turn this resultedImpacts are mainly felt on transportation cost,
in higher profit as compared to other regionaldelivery times, etc.
producers.Handloom Reservation Order and the Hank Yarn
Customized and high-value added products areObligation order are examples of obsolete and
generally not affected by change in marketunnecessary regulations that indulge operators in a
parameters. As such, there were no exceptional pricetime-wasting and complicated maze of procedures.
fluctuations on Indian markets during quota removalThis mainly affects local operators, giving impression
period. But such was not the case with other regionalthat the domestic markets is going opposite way to
competitors' products, such as China, where pricesinternational market whereby liberalization is a key
were cut down significantly favoring buyers.element.
Higher competition with neighboring countryConclusion
China reacted to quota removals by invading the USThe home textile sector is in a good position to
market with its textiles production. The US had noactivate and encourage developments in the overall
other choice than to re-introduce trade barriers todomestic textile industry. With more emphasis on
calm down the situation encouraging traders toproduct having longer cycles than those average
diversify purchasing options and thus giving India anapparels, the home textiles manufacturing is more
unexpected push on the global market.protected than its apparel counterparts. Those
The situation is not completely in the pocket forwishing to reap the benefits of opportunities have to
India, however. It should remain on its guards as itsshow good preparatory dispositions as well as
neighbors start to embark on similar global adventurewillingness to stay on the forefront of the global
with an enthusiasm and motivation packed attitude.competition game - without these; we could see
Pakistan and Bangladesh are growing at fast pace,regional competition grabbing most of the market
shortening the gap with India in an impressiveshare.