China's Vegetable Exports To International Environmental Analysis

   (A) the growing number of green barriersrestrictions. According to China's accession to WTO
Vegetable quality and safety issue is one of theProtocol on the "transitional safeguard" provision,
focuses of attention, involving physical and mentalsince the China's "dead" date of 12 years, such as
health consumers, quality of life and socio-economicthe Chinese products on the substantial increase in
sustainable development, related to the WTO underexports of a country and lead to the country's
the framework of our country and vegetables in thedomestic market disruption or market disruption
international and domestic markets more competitive.threat, the country could import restrictions imposed
After accession to the WTO, China's agriculturalon Chinese products measures. Since China's
products to enter the international market, althoughaccession to WTO, there have been the United
the doors widened, but the threshold did not reduceStates, the European Union, India, Peru and other
the constraints of the role of non-tariff barriers morecountries against Chinese products were 11 cases of
obvious. Developed countries in the tariff cut, in orderspecial safeguard measures in the investigation.
to protect human health and the environment name,Safeguard measures, emergency safeguard
a variety of Chinese agricultural products to build ameasures and the excessive nature of safeguard
"green barrier." In this regard, China's agriculturalmeasures, if adopted, at least in a few years or
products to smoothly enter the markets ofeven 10 years time, to influence China's vegetable
developed countries, in addition to quality has reachedexports. November 17, 2003, the U.S. government
internationally accepted standards of food hygiene,unilaterally knit fabrics, bras, dressing gowns to take
but also to meet the developed countries to developspecial safeguard measures. Experts predict that the
their own more stringent technical standards.move may lead to other U.S. industries, other
1. Vegetable production, processing and qualitycountries to take safeguard measures against
standards higher and higher in some developedChinese products, its impact is far-reaching ripple
countries use their advanced agricultural production,effects.
processing technology and management advantages,(C) anti-dumping frequently shot
by means of legislation, enacting strict mandatory1. Vegetable industry in China encountered the
technical standards. China's vegetable product qualityreasons for the anti-dumping
and appearance and inherent requirements of a wide(1) Anti-dumping in the vegetable industry, the
gap between the developed countries, andeffectiveness of protection. Notwithstanding the
vegetables, food products, preservation, refrigeration,provisions of the price trigger, and the number of
storage and transportation and other sectors of thetouches, but compared to the anti-dumping is simple
hard to reach international standards, severely limitedto implement, but also easy to retaliation, therefore,
the international market development.leading to frequent use of foreign anti-dumping
2. Vegetables more strict quarantine regimemeasures on China's comparative advantage in
World Health Organization and UN Food andagricultural products with the anti-dumping
Agriculture has formulated a number of detection andaccusations.
management objectives, is particularly concerned(2) international agricultural trade protection forces
about whether there are pesticide residues inhave gained strength. Agricultural products plays an
vegetable products pollution, heavy metal pollution,important role in the national economy, countries to
bacteria, excessive and so on. Japan enacted "Plantsafeguard their own interests, restrictions on foreign
Quarantine Act Implementation Rules," so that onagricultural products to take measures to prevent
many occasions China's vegetable exports to Japandomestic agriculture in the international competition at
have been returned or destroyed fate.a disadvantage. Meanwhile, China has a comparative
3. Control of imported vegetables has becomeadvantage in agricultural exports of some substantial
strongergrowth, many countries fear the impact of China's
U.S. Food and Drug Administration to enforce theagricultural products of its domestic market,
HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point)anti-dumping in the name of the implementation of
program to become the global food industry productagricultural trade protection in reality.
quality inspection and control of common guidelines. In(3) The foreign policy of discrimination against our
April 1998, the U.S. FDA published the "maximumcountry. The international level in some countries the
reduction of fresh fruits, vegetables risk of bacterialideological bias of our society, or do not quite
contamination of food safety and sanitationunderstand China's economic development. On China's
guidelines," demanding in fruits, vegetables and juiceimplementation of "non-market economy" status, in
production process, the implementation of HACCPdetermining whether there is dumping of export
system in fruit juice, vegetable juice products for aproducts of a surrogate country selection often lost
labeling scheme .a fair, which is China's export enterprises are often
(B) safeguard measures and far-reachingfound to be a major cause of dumping.
1. China's vegetable industry as a reason for2. Anti-dumping on China's export of vegetables
anti-dumping WTO rules allow the use of importOur country is being subjected to unfair international
restrictions, national implementation of the safeguardbiggest victim of anti-dumping. In order to offset the
measures have a certain "reasonableness." However,significant reduction in tariffs and the significant price
in the contemporary world trade policies, tradeadvantage of China's vegetable countries the
liberalization, and many of the traditional means ofanti-dumping as the most effective protection
protection is strictly prohibited backdrop, securitymeasures. According to WTO statistics show that
measures of this "legitimate" means of tradefrom 1979 to 2003, more than 30 countries and
protection is becoming the country's "new favorite"regions, more than 4000 kinds of export products to
for the normal development of world trade poses aChina to launch nearly 500 anti-dumping and
serious threat.safeguard investigations. In 1994, the U.S. imposed on
The reason why China's exports frequentlyChinese garlic 376.65% of the high anti-dumping tax,
safeguard measures and special safeguard measures,garlic from China out of the U.S. market.
mainly because there are still some countries in the(D) WTO rules are abused
world of trade protectionist policies, governments in1. The new long-standing agricultural protectionism
the domestic interest groups, often under pressureThe name of the importing country socio-economic
to take, including safeguards, including tradesustainable development strategies and the guise of
restrictions. At the same time, we should also seeprotecting human health in the WTO negotiations,
that the rapid growth of China's exports are alsostrengthen the "green exceptions to rights", it
frequently safeguard measures and special safeguardcontinually revised consumer protection law and
measures for one important reason.national environmental regulations and improve quality
2. Safeguard measures on China's exports ofstandards for agricultural imports, as a protection of
vegetablessubstantial damage to domestic industry is not a
2001 Nian April 23 to November 8, due to China'spowerful weapon. Restrictions on the importing
vegetable exports to Japan a sharp increase incountry objectively become the basis for China's
Japan's unilateral decision, right from our green onions,agricultural exports. Importing countries to protect
shiitake mushrooms and rush to implementthe interests of their farmers, the pan with the
"emergency import restrictions." Japan's current"anti-dumping", "countervailing" and the "Safeguards
restrictive measures against our country andAgreement" restrict China's exports of agricultural
vegetables with a clear color trade protectionproducts. This is a major exporter of agricultural
seriously affect China's vegetable exports to theproducts in China to become an obstacle.
region, China's main export vegetables, vegetable2. WTO defect
farmers and processing enterprises resulted inThe new WTO agricultural protectionism is the use
enormous losses. The import restrictions so that ourof one's own shortcomings and technological
country has suffered serious losses, shows that ouradvantages to implement agricultural protection. TBT
vegetables, no absolute international competitiveness.and SPS provide those countries with the
In addition, China's exports is also subject to specialimplementation of the power of the green barriers.
safeguard measures against China's special