Documentary Credit and Its Benefits to International Trade

Documentary credit is an instrument that allowsThrough the Letter of Credit a bank works as an
businesses to be engaged in successful trade exportintermediary between sellers and buyers to do
relations. These documents allow international tradebusiness. After the seller has shipped the
to overcome the challenges given by the distancemerchandise, the bank will make sure that the latter
involve in such relations.is what the buyer had requested (in both quality and
The most commonly used forms of documentaryquantity). Then bank will then make the
credit are the letters of credit. They allow exportersreimbursement to the seller and later grant the
and importers to have an equally balanced businessimporter the possession of the merchandise.
relation. Letters of credit in their variations allows forThus, the buyer does not transmit any funds to the
the provider of the service or seller of theseller until it has received documentary credit to take
merchandise to be paid based on the terms of thepossession of the goods and the seller receives
agreement upon delivery. The importer wins bypayment once it has shipped, provided that the
receiving products of the quality and quantity that herequirements have been met.
or she was expecting.Therefore, documentary credit springs from the
The Letter of Credit credit is used around the worldfollowing needs posed by international trade:
by many countries with the objective of reducing theOne: the need for the exporter to have a written
conflicts of interest that may exist between sellerscommitment of importer to pay for the merchandise.
and buyers. For instance, the ideal transaction for theUsing documentary credit, the seller will get paid by
exporter is the one when it pays right after receivingthe bank if the buyer is unable to.
the goods. Conversely, for the importer an idealTo assure the importer that the payment by the
scenario is when he or she receives payment beforebank will only be made if the seller can show that it
shipping the merchandise.has properly performed its contractual obligations.