| The term globalization is widely used in scientific | | | | limited amount. That's why the right direction of |
| literature, social journalism and politics. It is described | | | | demographic policy is to control the population |
| as strengthened economic interdependence and | | | | growth to prevent the further resource's scarcity |
| interrelationship between all countries of the world. | | | | increase. |
| The notion of global economy appeared in the 40th | | | | Human resources (like any other natural resource) |
| of the XIX century. At that time transportation | | | | cannot be distributed evenly in the world. Highly |
| expenses have slumped with the appearance of | | | | developed countries can offer favorable living |
| railway and steam- engine modes of transport. Thus, | | | | working conditions to its citizens through well-paid |
| new possibilities were created for long-distance | | | | jobs, good living standards, and relative political, |
| goods delivery and the enlargement of effective | | | | military and cultural stability of a country. The least |
| co-operation between nations has gone ahead. In the | | | | developed countries experience the outflow of |
| 80th (20th century), however, globalization posed | | | | population from employment deficiency, economic |
| considerable complications. The international | | | | decline, unsatisfactory quality of life, social and cultural |
| organizations claimed the existence of global | | | | problems, terrorism or religious strife. That's why |
| problems, which are universal in nature. | | | | people transmigrate from one country to another for |
| Globalization is an economic phenomenon but its | | | | different reasons. In most cases people emigrate to |
| problems are ecological to a certain degree. It is | | | | highly developed countries and consequently, from |
| obvious that the world economic growth together | | | | heavily to lightly populated. That is why a country |
| with scientific and technological progress is impossible | | | | cannot be faced with a population boom or bust due |
| without environmental pollution, excessive use of | | | | to migration. |
| resources, smoky atmosphere. On the other hand, | | | | The country-exporter of labor resources derives |
| many claim that scientific and technological progress | | | | certain benefits from the export, such as emigrants' |
| goes along with the introduction of new technologies | | | | money transfers to families that improves the overall |
| that produce a very small influence on our | | | | living standards of the nation. Besides, banks receive |
| environment and the usage of excessive resources is | | | | commissions for the funds transfers as well as for |
| reduced to a minimum. Still, the changes the Earth | | | | the currency exchange. These money transfers |
| encounters become more and more clear now. | | | | prove to be very high in some countries. For |
| The hothouse effect that is the gradual warming of | | | | example, Pakistani money transfers from working |
| the air surrounding the Earth as a result of heat being | | | | abroad are 5 times higher than the goods and |
| trapped by pollution can be a very vivid example. | | | | services export receipts. However, the country |
| Numerous industries have suffered a dramatic plunge | | | | exporting labor resources suffers certain losses as |
| in production and sales, e.g. tourism (especially ski | | | | the result of highly qualified and skilled specialists' |
| resorts all over the world) and agriculture. That's why | | | | emigration who could develop the economy of their |
| such countries as China, Russia, Germany, and | | | | county. This leads to slumps in economic growth and |
| Ukraine - the producers of winter tires couldn't sell | | | | extra budget spending on new specialists' education. |
| their product because of the warm winter weather | | | | The country-importer of workers also receives |
| without snow. | | | | certain benefits such as the additional labor force that |
| There is also a problem of natural resources running | | | | stimulates economic growth. There is some evidence |
| out. That is oil, gas, water are all scarce resources, | | | | that immigrants are more entrepreneurial than native |
| but they are being carelessly used. Every year more | | | | citizens. But the negative consequences are |
| than 10 million oil resources are degraded, and they | | | | numerous as well. Such problems as social security, |
| will be necessary in the future. We have to | | | | necessity to control racial tension need lots of |
| economize resources and to invent an alternative fuel | | | | country resources to be properly solved. |
| type if we want to preserve something for our | | | | Labor migration continues to grow; the amount of |
| children and for the Earth itself. Irresponsible forests | | | | countries with emigrants and immigrants constantly |
| felling and water pollution can cause the | | | | increases. It is difficult to find a country today that is |
| disappearance of some species. As a result the | | | | not the participant of international migratory |
| productive activity of a country can change and this | | | | processes, and consequently, of international relations. |
| can lead to the difference in the country's | | | | Thus, migratory processes have become global and |
| specialization. So, governments have to control the | | | | are the necessity of the world economy. For the |
| environment condition and sources of pollution, | | | | underdeveloped countries, it is the way to increase |
| protect water and forest resources, provide the | | | | their total revenue. For developed it is the source of |
| smoke control programs. | | | | the labor force. Generally, migration is very positive |
| Economic globalization is closely connected with | | | | as, even if labor resources are used outside their |
| demographic problems. For highly developed countries | | | | own country, the world gross product grows. |
| the demographic problems consists in aging | | | | Migration is the certain regulator of population in |
| population, for underdeveloped countries it is the | | | | countries. We might assume that migration controls |
| population explosion, for developing countries, on the | | | | the demographic situation better than the |
| contrary, the population bust. That's why countries | | | | demographic policy of states. Paying attention to |
| provide demographic policy in order to regulate the | | | | today's ecological problems and to the limited amount |
| level of population. This policy is meant to control the | | | | of resources on Earth, migration allows distributing |
| possible problem of labor forces shortage or excess | | | | human resources so, that the even use of material |
| in the future. While the total world population is | | | | resources to fill all needs can be possible. |
| growing, the Earth can provide resources only for its | | | | |