Globalization Measurement & Key Players

The most well-known index for globalization is theAntiglobalization (mundialism) is a term used to
KOF index. The KOF Index of Globalization wasdescribe the political, economic, and sociological
introduced in 2002 by the KOF Swiss Economicstance of people, groups, and organizations who
Institute and the index was published by Axel Dreheroppose the neoliberal ideology of globalization. Some
and his team. The overall index measures theantiglobalization groups and organizations are the
economic, social, and political dimensions ofInternational Institute for Sustainable Development;
globalization. Now data is available on a yearly basisthe International Forum on Globalization; Greenpeace;
for 122 countries, and the 2007 index introduces anthe World Wide Fund for Nature; Oxfam; Friends of
updated version of the original index. In constructingthe Earth International; the Center for International
the indices of globalization, the variables areEnvironmental Law; Public Citizen; Consumers
transformed to an index on a scale of 1 to 100,International; the World Conservation Union; Focus on
where 100 is the maximum value for a specificthe Global South; One World; the Third World
variable over the periods and 1 is the minimum value.Network; the International Center for Trade and
Higher values denote greater globalization. AccordingSustainable Development; and the Center for
to the index, the world's most globalized countriesResearch on Globalization. Some antiglobalization
are Belgium, Austria, Sweden, the United Kingdom,individuals are Naomi Klein, George Monbiot, Martin
and the Netherlands.Khor, Mary Robinson, Joseph Stiglitz, Noam Chomsky,
The least globalized countries are Haiti, Myanmar, theDani Rodrik, and John Ralston Saul.
Central African Republic, and Burundi. Another veryPro-globalism (globalism) is a term used to describe
popular measure of globalization is the joint publicationthe political, economic, and sociological stance of
of A. T. Kearney Foreign Policy Magazine Index (KFP).people, groups, and organizations who defend the
The KFP aims to provide a comprehensive measureneoliberal ideology of globalization, such as free trade,
of the extent of globalization across the world byeconomic freedom, libertarianism, and democratic
assessing and ranking 62 countries, representing allglobalization. Some pro-globalization groups and
the major regions that account for 96 percent of theorganizations are the International Policy Network;
world's gross domestic product (GDP), and 85Sustainable Development Network; the Competitive
percent of the world's population. The KFP indexEnterprise Institute; the Cato Institute; the Institute
concentrates on four main dimensions of globalization:of Public Affairs; the American Enterprise Institute for
economic integration, technological connectivity,Public Policy Research; World Growth; the Heritage
personal contact, and political engagement. AccordingFoundation; WTO; IMF; World Bank; and the
to the KFP Index, in 2006, Singapore, Ireland,Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Switzerland, the United States, the Netherlands,Development (OECD). Some pro-globalization
Canada, and Denmark were the most globalizedindividuals are Johan Norberg, Douglas A. Irwin,
countries, while Egypt, Indonesia, India, and Iran wereJeffrey Sachs, Jagdish Bhagwati, Martin Wolf, Philippe
the least globalized countries in the list.Legrain, and Mike Moore.