History of the Current Banking System

The current banking system could trace its rootsBank was created to fund the developing economies
back to the Bretton Woods agreement after thewith a pool of funds contributed by major economies.
war in 1945. With the dust of war settling, anIn order to develop an open market, the currencies
unprecedented raw market of possibilities werewould need to be interchangeable with one another.
opened for inventions of the West to rebuild society.Back then, the gold was the standard used by
Unfortunately, these markets are restricted fromcountries in international trade and currencies were
capital inflows by currency system and trade rules ofrequired to be pegged to the gold to ensure
individual nations. In order to foster greater economicinterchangeability.
prosperity (for the elitist), a free trade system mustHowever, the lack of gold reserves (most of it was
be developed with the creation of an internationalin Soviet Union) would restrict liquidity and hence the
body that facilitates the settlement of paymentsdollar was introduced as the next best option with its
between countries and provide lending to developingpeg to gold at $35/ounce, the rising US economy and
nations. It was with this notion, that the IMF andincreased liquidity. This would mean that countries
World Bank was formed.would peg their currencies against the dollar instead.
The IMF was tasked to maintain stability in theThat was the birth of the dollar as the de facto
international monetary system and enable countriesreserve currency of many countries.
to settle their payments to one another. The World