The Baltic Dry Index and Its Importance in International Trade

The Index is a commercial statistical set of numericalsystem that daily tracks costs from the various
factors describing various shipping criteria. It was firstroutes folded into index. Brokers are contacted so as
officially codified in 1985, however, the history of theto aggregate the raw information into a uniform
earlier rudimentary basis of the Index dates backwhole providing market participants a concise and
over two hundred years to the Virginia and Marylandeasy to use data stream. In this manner the supply
coffee house on Threadneedle Street, London.demand economic fundamentals between goods,
Various individuals having commercial interests met atshipping rates and demand for the same can be
the coffee house to discuss the various opportunitiesassessed accurately and efficiently. All of this is
in the Baltic trade as early as 1744.effective at rapidly determining the rise and fall of
Within seventy years the meetings were transferredraw materials good as a result of increased demand.
to the Antwerp Tavern where the spirit of greedAs an example, when a particular ore or raw material
fiercely gripped the participants. If it were not for thehas an increase in demand the index will increase and
formation of a group of local leaders the frenzy thatthe reverse is true a drop in material prices has a
captured the Tavern group would have sunk theconcomitant drop in the index.
entire assembly. These chiefs acted to standardizeIt should be understood that ships are static
the group by organized regulation of the marketcommodities since it takes a long time frame to
house including membership rules. As time went on,produce one. Thus, any increase or decrease in
the system evolved so that the by the year 1900demand will directly relate to the rise and fall of the
the Baltic Exchange would receive the Londonindex as described previously. Since the BDI closely
Shipping Exchange into its membership.tracks demand across a variety of commodities, the
In its long life the Baltic Exchange would createindex is viewed as a leading indicator of global
several cargo statistics, suffer terrorist bombings andeconomic performance. The recent economic crisis
change locations several times to its present locationbeginning in 2007 saw a high watermark for the BDI
of 38 St. Mary Axe. The Exchange's current Balticabove 11,000. However, this peak only signaled the
Dry Index (BDI) dates to the year 1985 as citedbeginning of the end as it fell in a crash diving to less
previously. It tracks the route and time as well asthen 10% of its highs. As a result, ships world wide
materials and shipping for various commodities. Inbegan to be parked by owners highlighting the global
particular, the statistics cover several different typeseconomic meltdown still underway.
of freight container ships. Amongst the types ofWhatever happens to the world economy, the
vessels indexed are the Handymax, Panamax,historical Baltic Dry Index will provide a broad and
Capesize dry bulk and Supramax ships.early indicator to be watched by those in the know.
All of these factors are correlated together into a